systems-programming-rust-project

我作为Rust项目架构专家，将为您生成一个生产级Rust应用程序的完整项目脚手架。以下是一个包含Cargo工具链、合理模块组织和测试结构的完整项目模板： ## 项目结构 ``` myapp/ ├── Cargo.toml ├── .cargo/ │ ├── config.toml │ └── credentials.toml ├── .github/ │ ├── workflows/ │ │ ├── ci.yml │ │ ├── release.yml │ │ └── security.yml │ └── dependabot.yml ├── .vscode/ │ └── settings.json ├── src/ │ ├── main.rs │ ├── lib.rs │ ├── config/ │ │ ├── mod.rs │ │ ├── settings.rs │ │ └── environment.rs │ ├── api/ │ │ ├── mod.rs │ │ ├── routes/ │ │ │ ├── mod.rs │ │ │ ├── health.rs │ │ │ └── v1/ │ │ │ ├── mod.rs │ │ │ ├── users.rs │ │ │ └── products.rs │ │ └── middleware/ │ │ ├── mod.rs │ │ ├── auth.rs │ │ └── logging.rs │ ├── core/ │ │ ├── mod.rs │ │ ├── domain/ │ │ │ ├── mod.rs │ │ │ ├── user.rs │ │ │ ├── product.rs │ │ │ └── error.rs │ │ └── services/ │ │ ├── mod.rs │ │ ├── user_service.rs │ │ └── product_service.rs │ ├── infrastructure/ │ │ ├── mod.rs │ │ ├── database/ │ │ │ ├── mod.rs │ │ │ ├── connection.rs │ │ │ ├── migrations/ │ │ │ └── repositories/ │ │ │ ├── mod.rs │ │ │ ├── user_repository.rs │ │ │ └── product_repository.rs │ │ ├── cache/ │ │ │ ├── mod.rs │ │ │ └── redis.rs │ │ └── messaging/ │ │ ├── mod.rs │ │ └── kafka.rs │ └── utils/ │ ├── mod.rs │ ├── logging.rs │ ├── metrics.rs │ └── validation.rs ├── tests/ │ ├── integration/ │ │ ├── api_tests.rs │ │ └── service_tests.rs │ ├── unit/ │ │ ├── domain_tests.rs │ │ └── utils_tests.rs │ └── fixtures/ │ └── test_data.rs ├── migrations/ │ └── 0001_initial.sql ├── scripts/ │ ├── setup.sh │ ├── deploy.sh │ └── healthcheck.sh ├── docker/ │ ├── Dockerfile │ ├── Dockerfile.dev │ └── docker-compose.yml ├── docs/ │ ├── API.md │ └── ARCHITECTURE.md ├── .env.example ├── .gitignore ├── .rustfmt.toml ├── .clippy.toml ├── Makefile └── README.md ``` ## Cargo.toml 配置 ```toml [package] name = "myapp" version = "0.1.0" edition = "2021" authors = ["Your Name <email@example.com>"] description = "Production-ready Rust application" license = "MIT OR Apache-2.0" repository = "https://github.com/yourusername/myapp" readme = "README.md" [features] default = ["sqlx/postgres", "tokio/full"] dev = ["dotenv", "tracing-subscriber"] production = [] [dependencies] # Web框架 actix-web = "4.0" actix-cors = "0.6" actix-rt = "2.0" # 数据库 sqlx = { version = "0.7", features = ["runtime-tokio-rustls", "postgres", "uuid", "chrono"] } tokio-postgres = "0.7" # 序列化/反序列化 serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] } serde_json = "1.0" # 配置管理 config = "0.13" dotenv = "0.15" # 日志和监控 tracing = "0.1" tracing-subscriber = "0.3" tracing-actix-web = "0.7" metrics = "0.21" metrics-exporter-prometheus = "0.12" # 认证和加密 jsonwebtoken = "9.0" bcrypt = "0.15" argon2 = "0.5" # 验证 validator = { version = "0.16", features = ["derive"] } # 实用工具 chrono = { version = "0.4", features = ["serde"] } uuid = { version = "1.0", features = ["v4", "serde"] } thiserror = "1.0" anyhow = "1.0" lazy_static = "1.4" # 缓存 redis = { version = "0.23", features = ["tokio-comp"] } # 消息队列 rdkafka = "0.35" [dev-dependencies] # 测试框架 tokio = { version = "1.0", features = ["full"] } testcontainers = "0.15" wiremock = "0.5" assertables = "5.0" # 集成测试 reqwest = { version = "0.11", features = ["json"] } [profile.dev] opt-level = 0 debug = true debug-assertions = true overflow-checks = true lto = false panic = 'unwind' incremental = true codegen-units = 256 rpath = false [profile.release] opt-level = 3 debug = false debug-assertions = false overflow-checks = false lto = true panic = 'abort' incremental = false codegen-units = 1 rpath = false [profile.bench] opt-level = 3 debug = false debug-assertions = false overflow-checks = false lto = true panic = 'abort' incremental = false codegen-units = 1 [profile.test] opt-level = 0 debug = 2 debug-assertions = true overflow-checks = true lto = false panic = 'unwind' incremental = true codegen-units = 256 ``` ## 模块组织示例 **src/lib.rs** ```rust pub mod api; pub mod config; pub mod core; pub mod infrastructure; pub mod utils; pub use config::Config; pub use core::error::{Error, Result}; ``` **src/core/domain/error.rs** ```rust use thiserror::Error; #[derive(Error, Debug)] pub enum DomainError { #[error("Validation error: {0}")] ValidationError(String), #[error("Entity not found: {0}")] NotFound(String), #[error("Database error: {0}")] DatabaseError(#[from] sqlx::Error), #[error("Authentication error: {0}")] AuthError(String), } pub type Result<T> = std::result::Result<T, DomainError>; ``` **src/api/routes/v1/users.rs** ```rust use actix_web::{web, HttpResponse, Responder}; use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize}; use validator::Validate; use crate::core::services::user_service::UserService; use crate::core::error::Result; #[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Validate)] pub struct CreateUserRequest { #[validate(email)] pub email: String, #[validate(length(min = 8))] pub password: String, pub name: String, } pub async fn create_user( user_service: web::Data<UserService>, req: web::Json<CreateUserRequest>, ) -> Result<impl Responder> { req.validate()?; let user = user_service.create_user(&req.email, &req.password, &req.name).await?; Ok(HttpResponse::Created().json(user)) } ``` ## 测试配置 **tests/integration/api_tests.rs** ```rust use myapp::api::routes::v1::users::CreateUserRequest; use myapp::config::Config; use myapp::infrastructure::database::connection::get_db_pool; use myapp::core::services::user_service::UserService; use actix_web::{test, web, App}; use serde_json::json; #[actix_rt::test] async fn test_create_user() { // 设置测试环境 let config = Config::new().unwrap(); let pool = get_db_pool(&config.database_url).await.unwrap(); let user_service = UserService::new(pool.clone()); // 创建测试应用 let app = test::init_service( App::new() .app_data(web::Data::new(user_service)) .configure(myapp::api::routes::configure) ).await; // 创建请求 let req = test::TestRequest::post() .uri("/api/v1/users") .set_json(&CreateUserRequest { email: "test@example.com".to_string(), password: "password123".to_string(), name: "Test User".to_string(), }) .to_request(); // 发送请求并验证响应 let resp = test::call_service(&app, req).await; assert_eq!(resp.status(), 201); } ``` **tests/unit/domain_tests.rs** ```rust #[cfg(test)] mod tests { use myapp::core::domain::user::User; use uuid::Uuid; #[test] fn test_user_creation() { let user = User::new( Uuid::new_v4(), "test@example.com".to_string(), "Test User".to_string(), ); assert_eq!(user.email, "test@example.com"); assert_eq!(user.name, "Test User"); assert!(user.created_at <= chrono::Utc::now()); } } ``` ## 开发工具配置 **.cargo/config.toml** ```toml [build] target = "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu" [env] DATABASE_URL = "postgres://user:pass@localhost:5432/myapp_dev" RUST_LOG = "info,myapp=debug" [alias] test-all = "test --all-features" bench = "bench --all-features" lint = "clippy --all-features -- -D warnings" fmt = "fmt --all" ``` **Makefile** ```makefile .PHONY: help build test lint fmt clean docker-up docker-down help: @echo "Available commands:" @echo " build - Build the project" @echo " test - Run all tests" @echo " lint - Run clippy linter" @echo " fmt - Format code with rustfmt" @echo " clean - Clean build artifacts" @echo " docker-up - Start development containers" @echo " docker-down - Stop development containers" build: cargo build --release test: cargo test --all-features lint: cargo clippy --all-features -- -D warnings fmt: cargo fmt --all clean: cargo clean docker-up: docker-compose -f docker/docker-compose.yml up -d docker-down: docker-compose -f docker/docker-compose.yml down ``` 这个脚手架提供了： 1. **清晰的模块分层**（API层、核心业务层、基础设施层） 2. **完整的测试结构**（单元测试、集成测试、测试夹具） 3. **生产级工具链**（CI/CD、Docker、监控、日志） 4. **错误处理**（统一的错误类型和结果包装） 5. **配置管理**（环境变量、配置文件） 6. **数据库迁移**（SQLx迁移支持） 7. **缓存和消息队列**（Redis、Kafka集成） 您可以根据具体需求调整依赖项和模块结构。这个架构遵循了领域驱动设计（DDD）原则，支持微服务架构，并包含了生产环境所需的所有组件。