research-lookup

Research Information Lookup

Overview

This skill enables real-time research information lookup using Perplexity's Sonar models through OpenRouter. It intelligently selects between Sonar Pro Search (fast, efficient lookup) and Sonar Reasoning Pro (deep analytical reasoning) based on query complexity. The skill provides access to current academic literature, recent studies, technical documentation, and general research information with proper citations and source attribution.

When to Use This Skill

Use this skill when you need:

Current Research Information: Latest studies, papers, and findings in a specific field

Literature Verification: Check facts, statistics, or claims against current research

Background Research: Gather context and supporting evidence for scientific writing

Citation Sources: Find relevant papers and studies to cite in manuscripts

Technical Documentation: Look up specifications, protocols, or methodologies

Recent Developments: Stay current with emerging trends and breakthroughs

Statistical Data: Find recent statistics, survey results, or research findings

Expert Opinions: Access insights from recent interviews, reviews, or commentary

Visual Enhancement with Scientific Schematics

When creating documents with this skill, always consider adding scientific diagrams and schematics to enhance visual communication.

If your document does not already contain schematics or diagrams:

Use the scientific-schematics skill to generate AI-powered publication-quality diagrams

Simply describe your desired diagram in natural language

Nano Banana Pro will automatically generate, review, and refine the schematic

For new documents: Scientific schematics should be generated by default to visually represent key concepts, workflows, architectures, or relationships described in the text.

How to generate schematics:

python scripts/generate_schematic.py "your diagram description" -o figures/output.png

The AI will automatically:

Create publication-quality images with proper formatting

Review and refine through multiple iterations

Ensure accessibility (colorblind-friendly, high contrast)

Save outputs in the figures/ directory

When to add schematics:

Research information flow diagrams

Query processing workflow illustrations

Model selection decision trees

System integration architecture diagrams

Information retrieval pipeline visualizations

Knowledge synthesis frameworks

Any complex concept that benefits from visualization

For detailed guidance on creating schematics, refer to the scientific-schematics skill documentation.

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Core Capabilities

1. Academic Research Queries

Search Academic Literature: Query for recent papers, studies, and reviews in specific domains:

Query Examples:
"Recent advances in CRISPR gene editing 2024"

"Latest clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease treatment"

"Machine learning applications in drug discovery systematic review"

"Climate change impacts on biodiversity meta-analysis"

Expected Response Format:

Summary of key findings from recent literature

Citation of 3-5 most relevant papers with authors, titles, journals, and years

Key statistics or findings highlighted

Identification of research gaps or controversies

Links to full papers when available

2. Technical and Methodological Information

Protocol and Method Lookups: Find detailed procedures, specifications, and methodologies:

Query Examples:
"Western blot protocol for protein detection"

"RNA sequencing library preparation methods"

"Statistical power analysis for clinical trials"

"Machine learning model evaluation metrics"

Expected Response Format:

Step-by-step procedures or protocols

Required materials and equipment

Critical parameters and considerations

Troubleshooting common issues

References to standard protocols or seminal papers

3. Statistical and Data Information

Research Statistics: Look up current statistics, survey results, and research data:

Query Examples:
"Prevalence of diabetes in US population 2024"

"Global renewable energy adoption statistics"

"COVID-19 vaccination rates by country"

"AI adoption in healthcare industry survey"

Expected Response Format:

Current statistics with dates and sources

Methodology of data collection

Confidence intervals or margins of error when available

Comparison with previous years or benchmarks

Citations to original surveys or studies

4. Citation and Reference Assistance

Citation Finding: Locate the most influential, highly-cited papers from reputable authors and prestigious venues:

Query Examples:
"Foundational papers on transformer architecture" (expect: Vaswani et al. 2017 in NeurIPS, 90,000+ citations)

"Seminal works in quantum computing" (expect: papers from Nature, Science by leading researchers)

"Key studies on climate change mitigation" (expect: IPCC-cited papers, Nature Climate Change)

"Landmark trials in cancer immunotherapy" (expect: NEJM, Lancet trials with 1000+ citations)

Expected Response Format:

5-10 most influential papers, ranked by impact and relevance

Complete citation information (authors, title, journal, year, DOI)

Citation count for each paper (approximate if exact unavailable)

Venue tier indication (Nature, Science, Cell = Tier 1, etc.)

Brief description of each paper's contribution

Author credentials when notable (e.g., "from the Hinton lab", "Nobel laureate")

Journal impact factors when relevant

Quality Criteria for Citation Selection:

Prefer papers with 100+ citations (for papers 3+ years old)

Prioritize Tier-1 journals (Nature, Science, Cell, NEJM, Lancet)

Include work from recognized leaders in the field

Balance foundational papers (high citations, older) with recent advances (emerging, high-impact venues)

Automatic Model Selection

This skill features intelligent model selection based on query complexity:

Model Types

1. Sonar Pro Search (perplexity/sonar-pro-search)

Use Case: Straightforward information lookup

Best For:

- Simple fact-finding queries
- Recent publication searches
- Basic protocol lookups
- Statistical data retrieval

Speed: Fast responses

Cost: Lower cost per query

2. Sonar Reasoning Pro (perplexity/sonar-reasoning-pro)

Use Case: Complex analytical queries requiring deep reasoning

Best For:

- Comparative analysis ("compare X vs Y")
- Synthesis of multiple studies
- Evaluating trade-offs or controversies
- Explaining mechanisms or relationships
- Critical analysis and interpretation

Speed: Slower but more thorough

Cost: Higher cost per query, but provides deeper insights

Complexity Assessment

The skill automatically detects query complexity using these indicators:

Reasoning Keywords (triggers Sonar Reasoning Pro):

Analytical: compare, contrast, analyze, analysis, evaluate, critique

Comparative: versus, vs, vs., compared to, differences between, similarities

Synthesis: meta-analysis, systematic review, synthesis, integrate

Causal: mechanism, why, how does, how do, explain, relationship, causal relationship, underlying mechanism

Theoretical: theoretical framework, implications, interpret, reasoning

Debate: controversy, conflicting, paradox, debate, reconcile

Trade-offs: pros and cons, advantages and disadvantages, trade-off, tradeoff, trade offs

Complexity: multifaceted, complex interaction, critical analysis

Complexity Scoring:

Reasoning keywords: 3 points each (heavily weighted)

Multiple questions: 2 points per question mark

Complex sentence structures: 1.5 points per clause indicator (and, or, but, however, whereas, although)

Very long queries: 1 point if >150 characters

Threshold: Queries scoring ≥3 points trigger Sonar Reasoning Pro

Practical Result: Even a single strong reasoning keyword (compare, explain, analyze, etc.) will trigger the more powerful Sonar Reasoning Pro model, ensuring you get deep analysis when needed.

Example Query Classification:

✅ Sonar Pro Search (straightforward lookup):

"Recent advances in CRISPR gene editing 2024"

"Prevalence of diabetes in US population"

"Western blot protocol for protein detection"

✅ Sonar Reasoning Pro (complex analysis):

"Compare and contrast mRNA vaccines vs traditional vaccines for cancer treatment"

"Explain the mechanism underlying the relationship between gut microbiome and depression"

"Analyze the controversy surrounding AI in medical diagnosis and evaluate trade-offs"

Manual Override

You can force a specific model using the force_model parameter:

# Force Sonar Pro Search for fast lookup
research = ResearchLookup(force_model='pro')
Force Sonar Reasoning Pro for deep analysis

research = ResearchLookup(force_model='reasoning')
Automatic selection (default)

research = ResearchLookup()

Command-line usage:

# Force Sonar Pro Search
python research_lookup.py "your query" --force-model pro
Force Sonar Reasoning Pro

python research_lookup.py "your query" --force-model reasoning
Automatic (no flag)

python research_lookup.py "your query"
Save output to a file

python research_lookup.py "your query" -o results.txt
Output as JSON (useful for programmatic access)

python research_lookup.py "your query" --json
Combine: JSON output saved to file

python research_lookup.py "your query" --json -o results.json

Technical Integration

OpenRouter API Configuration

This skill integrates with OpenRouter (openrouter.ai) to access Perplexity's Sonar models:

Model Specifications:

Models:

- perplexity/sonar-pro-search (fast lookup)
- perplexity/sonar-reasoning-pro-online (deep analysis)

Search Mode: Academic/scholarly mode (prioritizes peer-reviewed sources)

Search Context: Always uses high search context for deeper, more comprehensive research results

Context Window: 200K+ tokens for comprehensive research

Capabilities: Academic paper search, citation generation, scholarly analysis

Output: Rich responses with citations and source links from academic databases

API Requirements:

OpenRouter API key (set as OPENROUTER_API_KEY environment variable)

Account with sufficient credits for research queries

Proper attribution and citation of sources

Academic Mode Configuration:

System message configured to prioritize scholarly sources

Search focused on peer-reviewed journals and academic publications

Enhanced citation extraction for academic references

Preference for recent academic literature (2020-2024)

Direct access to academic databases and repositories

Response Quality and Reliability

Source Verification: The skill prioritizes:

Peer-reviewed academic papers and journals

Reputable institutional sources (universities, government agencies, NGOs)

Recent publications (within last 2-3 years preferred)

High-impact journals and conferences

Primary research over secondary sources

Citation Standards: All responses include:

Complete bibliographic information

DOI or stable URLs when available

Access dates for web sources

Clear attribution of direct quotes or data

Paper Quality and Popularity Prioritization

CRITICAL: When searching for papers, ALWAYS prioritize high-quality, influential papers over obscure or low-impact publications. Quality matters more than quantity.

Citation-Based Ranking

Prioritize papers based on citation count relative to their age:

When reporting citations: Always indicate approximate citation count when known (e.g., "cited 500+ times" or "highly cited").

Venue Quality Tiers

Prioritize papers from higher-tier venues:

Tier 1 - Premier Venues (Always prefer):

General Science: Nature, Science, Cell, PNAS

Medicine: NEJM, Lancet, JAMA, BMJ

Field-Specific Flagships: Nature Medicine, Nature Biotechnology, Nature Methods, Nature Genetics, Cell Stem Cell, Immunity

Top CS/AI: NeurIPS, ICML, ICLR, ACL, CVPR (for ML/AI topics)

Tier 2 - High-Impact Specialized (Strong preference):

Journals with Impact Factor > 10

Top conferences in subfields (e.g., EMNLP, NAACL, ECCV, MICCAI)

Society flagship journals (e.g., Blood, Circulation, Gastroenterology)

Tier 3 - Respected Specialized (Include when relevant):

Journals with Impact Factor 5-10

Established conferences in the field

Well-indexed specialized journals

Tier 4 - Other Peer-Reviewed (Use sparingly):

Lower-impact journals, only if directly relevant and no better source exists

Author Reputation Indicators

Prefer papers from established, reputable researchers:

Senior authors with high h-index (>40 in established fields)

Multiple publications in Tier-1 venues

Leadership positions at recognized research institutions

Recognized expertise: Awards, editorial positions, society fellows

First/last author on landmark papers in the field

Direct Relevance Scoring

Always prioritize papers that directly address the research question:

Primary Priority: Papers directly addressing the exact research question

Secondary Priority: Papers with applicable methods, data, or conceptual frameworks

Tertiary Priority: Tangentially related papers (include ONLY if from Tier-1 venues or highly cited)

Practical Application

When conducting research lookups:

Start with the most influential papers - Look for highly-cited, foundational work first

Prioritize Tier-1 venues - Nature, Science, Cell family journals, NEJM, Lancet for medical topics

Check author credentials - Prefer work from established research groups

Balance recency with impact - Recent highly-cited papers > older obscure papers > recent uncited papers

Report quality indicators - Include citation counts, journal names, and author affiliations in responses

Example Quality-Focused Query Response:

Key findings from high-impact literature:
Smith et al. (2023), Nature Medicine (IF: 82.9, cited 450+ times)

   - Senior author: Prof. John Smith, Harvard Medical School
   - Key finding: [finding]
Johnson & Lee (2024), Cell (IF: 64.5, cited 120+ times)

   - From the renowned Lee Lab at Stanford
   - Key finding: [finding]
Chen et al. (2022), NEJM (IF: 158.5, cited 890+ times)

   - Landmark clinical trial (N=5,000)
   - Key finding: [finding]

Query Best Practices

1. Model Selection Strategy

For Simple Lookups (Sonar Pro Search):

Recent papers on a specific topic

Statistical data or prevalence rates

Standard protocols or methodologies

Citation finding for specific papers

Factual information retrieval

For Complex Analysis (Sonar Reasoning Pro):

Comparative studies and synthesis

Mechanism explanations

Controversy evaluation

Trade-off analysis

Theoretical frameworks

Multi-faceted relationships

Pro Tip: The automatic selection is optimized for most use cases. Only use force_model if you have specific requirements or know the query needs deeper reasoning than detected.

2. Specific and Focused Queries

Good Queries (will trigger appropriate model):

"Randomized controlled trials of mRNA vaccines for cancer treatment 2023-2024" → Sonar Pro Search

"Compare the efficacy and safety of mRNA vaccines vs traditional vaccines for cancer treatment" → Sonar Reasoning Pro

"Explain the mechanism by which CRISPR off-target effects occur and strategies to minimize them" → Sonar Reasoning Pro

Poor Queries:

"Tell me about AI" (too broad)

"Cancer research" (lacks specificity)

"Latest news" (too vague)

3. Structured Query Format

Recommended Structure:

[Topic] + [Specific Aspect] + [Time Frame] + [Type of Information]

Examples:

"CRISPR gene editing + off-target effects + 2024 + clinical trials"

"Quantum computing + error correction + recent advances + review papers"

"Renewable energy + solar efficiency + 2023-2024 + statistical data"

4. Follow-up Queries

Effective Follow-ups:

"Show me the full citation for the Smith et al. 2024 paper"

"What are the limitations of this methodology?"

"Find similar studies using different approaches"

"What controversies exist in this research area?"

Integration with Scientific Writing

This skill enhances scientific writing by providing:

Literature Review Support: Gather current research for introduction and discussion sections

Methods Validation: Verify protocols and procedures against current standards

Results Contextualization: Compare findings with recent similar studies

Discussion Enhancement: Support arguments with latest evidence

Citation Management: Provide properly formatted citations in multiple styles

Error Handling and Limitations

Known Limitations:

Information cutoff: Responses limited to training data (typically 2023-2024)

Paywall content: May not access full text behind paywalls

Emerging research: May miss very recent papers not yet indexed

Specialized databases: Cannot access proprietary or restricted databases

Error Conditions:

API rate limits or quota exceeded

Network connectivity issues

Malformed or ambiguous queries

Model unavailability or maintenance

Fallback Strategies:

Rephrase queries for better clarity

Break complex queries into simpler components

Use broader time frames if recent data unavailable

Cross-reference with multiple query variations

Usage Examples

Example 1: Simple Literature Search (Sonar Pro Search)

Query: "Recent advances in transformer attention mechanisms 2024"

Model Selected: Sonar Pro Search (straightforward lookup)

Response Includes:

Summary of 5 key papers from 2024

Complete citations with DOIs

Key innovations and improvements

Performance benchmarks

Future research directions

Example 2: Comparative Analysis (Sonar Reasoning Pro)

Query: "Compare and contrast the advantages and limitations of transformer-based models versus traditional RNNs for sequence modeling"

Model Selected: Sonar Reasoning Pro (complex analysis required)

Response Includes:

Detailed comparison across multiple dimensions

Analysis of architectural differences

Trade-offs in computational efficiency vs performance

Use case recommendations

Synthesis of evidence from multiple studies

Discussion of ongoing debates in the field

Example 3: Method Verification (Sonar Pro Search)

Query: "Standard protocols for flow cytometry analysis"

Model Selected: Sonar Pro Search (protocol lookup)

Response Includes:

Step-by-step protocol from recent review

Required controls and calibrations

Common pitfalls and troubleshooting

Reference to definitive methodology paper

Alternative approaches with pros/cons

Example 4: Mechanism Explanation (Sonar Reasoning Pro)

Query: "Explain the underlying mechanism of how mRNA vaccines trigger immune responses and why they differ from traditional vaccines"

Model Selected: Sonar Reasoning Pro (requires causal reasoning)

Response Includes:

Detailed mechanistic explanation

Step-by-step biological processes

Comparative analysis with traditional vaccines

Molecular-level interactions

Integration of immunology and pharmacology concepts

Evidence from recent research

Example 5: Statistical Data (Sonar Pro Search)

Query: "Global AI adoption in healthcare statistics 2024"

Model Selected: Sonar Pro Search (data lookup)

Response Includes:

Current adoption rates by region

Market size and growth projections

Survey methodology and sample size

Comparison with previous years

Citations to market research reports

Performance and Cost Considerations

Response Times

Sonar Pro Search:

Typical response time: 5-15 seconds

Best for rapid information gathering

Suitable for batch queries

Sonar Reasoning Pro:

Typical response time: 15-45 seconds

Worth the wait for complex analytical queries

Provides more thorough reasoning and synthesis

Cost Optimization

Automatic Selection Benefits:

Saves costs by using Sonar Pro Search for straightforward queries

Reserves Sonar Reasoning Pro for queries that truly benefit from deeper analysis

Optimizes the balance between cost and quality

Manual Override Use Cases:

Force Sonar Pro Search when budget is constrained and speed is priority

Force Sonar Reasoning Pro when working on critical research requiring maximum depth

Use for specific sections of papers (e.g., Pro Search for methods, Reasoning for discussion)

Best Practices:

Trust the automatic selection for most use cases

Review query results - if Sonar Pro Search doesn't provide sufficient depth, rephrase with reasoning keywords

Use batch queries strategically - combine simple lookups to minimize total query count

For literature reviews, start with Sonar Pro Search for breadth, then use Sonar Reasoning Pro for synthesis

Security and Ethical Considerations

Responsible Use:

Verify all information against primary sources when possible

Clearly attribute all data and quotes to original sources

Avoid presenting AI-generated summaries as original research

Respect copyright and licensing restrictions

Use for research assistance, not to bypass paywalls or subscriptions

Academic Integrity:

Always cite original sources, not the AI tool

Use as a starting point for literature searches

Follow institutional guidelines for AI tool usage

Maintain transparency about research methods

Complementary Tools

In addition to research-lookup, the scientific writer has access to WebSearch for:

Quick metadata verification: Look up DOIs, publication years, journal names, volume/page numbers

Non-academic sources: News, blogs, technical documentation, current events

General information: Company info, product details, current statistics

Cross-referencing: Verify citation details found through research-lookup

When to use which tool:

Summary

This skill serves as a powerful research assistant with intelligent dual-model selection:

Automatic Intelligence: Analyzes query complexity and selects the optimal model (Sonar Pro Search or Sonar Reasoning Pro)

Cost-Effective: Uses faster, cheaper Sonar Pro Search for straightforward lookups

Deep Analysis: Automatically engages Sonar Reasoning Pro for complex comparative, analytical, and theoretical queries

Flexible Control: Manual override available when you know exactly what level of analysis you need

Academic Focus: Both models configured to prioritize peer-reviewed sources and scholarly literature

Complementary WebSearch: Use alongside WebSearch for metadata verification and non-academic sources

Whether you need quick fact-finding or deep analytical synthesis, this skill automatically adapts to deliver the right level of research support for your scientific writing needs.